理论与实践的悖论:应用于美国工业的泰罗制

Paradox of Theory and Practice——Taylor System Applied in American Industry

19世纪末20世纪初,弗雷德里克·泰罗提出了被称为科学管理或泰罗制的管理思想体系,并产生了巨大的理论影响。在当时的管理改进热潮中,美国企业试图利用泰罗制来削减成本,提高效率,但受到多种因素的制约,泰罗制并未如传统观点所认为的那样获得了大规模的广泛应用,其在美国工业实践的具体效果也不理想。泰罗制理论和实践的发展极不平衡,理论影响远远超越了实践应用。

During the end of 19th century and the beginning of 20th century Fredrick Taylor put forward his theory of management called Scientific management or Taylor System. Taylor System had a great effect by its theory. Although American enterprises tried to use Taylor System to cut costs and improve efficiency in the upsurge of management promotion, because of many reasons, Taylor System was not applied broadly in a large scale as traditional view,it is not very effective in applying theory to the practice of American industry. The development of the theory is not consistent with that of the practice, the effect of the theory is much greater than that of the practice of Taylor System.