高海拔灾难医学救援的探讨

Exploring disaster relief medicine in high altitude region

2010年4月14日7：49，里氏6．9级的地震袭击了位于青藏高原的青海省玉树县。中国政府在第一时间发起一级应急救援响应。尽管如此，高海拔和灾后极端的天气条件仍然为救援工作带来了极大的困难。如何在高海拔地区实施救援？如何应对高原地震所带来的独特的地理环境的挑战？值得进一步研究和讨论。由于其高海拔的特殊条件，从远距离或低海拔地区调动救援队可能是不现实的。有必要建立一个整体的灾难救援反应体系，以及能够专门应对各种特殊地理环境的灾害救援快速反应小组。在这篇文章中，笔者强调了在高海拔地区灾难救援的处置中，制定国家级高原救灾计划和建立反应迅速的专业救援队的重要性。此外，高海拔灾难救援需要更好的规划和研究，并预防救援人员发生高海拔相关疾病。

On April 14th, 2010 at 7：49 a.m., An earthquake （Richter magnitude scale 6.9） struck the Yushu County, Tibetan Plateau. Even the competent authorities initiated level I emergency response for the quake relief immediately, the high altitude and post-quake extreme weather conditions were challenging the rescue efforts. The challenges to our rescue mission of the unique geographic environment requested us to give a further consideration on disaster relief mission in high altitude regions. Given the unique conditions of high altitude plateau, it may be unrealistic to mobilize rescue teams from remote region or low-land. The 2010 Yushu earthquake display a demand of establishing an overall disaster response plan, as well as developing a disaster rapid response teams specific to each geographic region, In this article, the importance of developing a national Plateau Disaster Plan and building professional medical rescue teams with ability to rapidly respond to the mass casualty incident in high altitude region were emphasized. Furthermore, an attention shall be paid on how to prevent high altitude related illnesses to those disaster relief workers.