论民国时期中国与东南亚的贸易

On the Trade between China and Southeast Asia in the Republican Period

民国时期中国与东南亚的进出口市场均处于一个快速发展时期。在中国对外贸易中,中国与东南亚贸易所占比例30年代以前不超过10%,30年代后呈攀升态势,已成为除欧洲、美洲以外中国最重要的对外贸易区域,显示出其所具有的潜力。中国出口商品以食品和较低档的大众生活用品为主,这与东南亚地区生活水平不高、消费水平有限是一致的;进口商品以食品和初加工或未加工的低端原料产品为主,这类产品东南亚地区往往具有资源上的优势,且品质上也比国内同类产品更有竞争力。

The import and export market of China and Southeast Asia developed rapidly in the Republican Period and China ran export surplus. In the history of China＇s foreign trade, the trade between China and Southeast Asia accounted for less than 10 percent of the country＇s total before 1930＇s, while it began to grow after 1930＇s and became the most important trade area next to Europe and America and showed its great potentials. Chinese export products were mainly food and living goods for low class, which was in line with low living level and low consumption in Southeast Asia. The imports from South-east Asia were mainly food and low end raw materials which are their superiority in resources. In terms of quality, these products were more competitive than domestic products and were complementary to domestic products.