论《五卷书》与《萨迦格言》的关系

The Relationship between the Sakya Aphorism and Pan Tsa Tan Tar

《五卷书》是印度统治论的一种,成书于6世纪前,它既是故事集又是格言集。《五卷书》对藏族文学有着深远的影响。萨班借用《五卷书》里的故事,撰写了藏族格言之先河——《萨迦格言》。其后,西藏各大教派的文学人士仿效萨班创作了很多格言集。这些格言集中,也含有《五卷书》的故事基因。不止于此,在19世纪问世的《普贤上师言教》一书,亦援引了《五卷书》里的故事。可以说《五卷书》对藏族文学的影响不仅限于格言,对于其他创作亦有所影响。

The Pan Tsa Tan Tar is one of the Indian elitisms which has been found approximately before the 6th century AD. It is not only a collection of the stories,but also the aphorisms. During more than one thousand years from the 6th century to 1914,Pan Tsa Tan Tar has been translated into 54 different languages,such as Arabic,Swedish,German, Greek,English and Mongolia,etc. So it is easily to find the influence of the book on the world literature,such as Boccaccio＇s Decameron, Chaucer＇s The story of Canterbury,Grimm brothers＇s Grimm＇s Fairy Tales. The paper discusses the influence of Pan Tsa Tan Tar to the Tibetan aphorism of Sakya.