蜡梅科植物研究进展

Research Advances on Calycanthaceae

综述了蜡梅科植物近年来的研究进展。蜡梅科有夏蜡梅属、蜡梅属,夏蜡梅属有3个种1个变种,蜡梅属有4个种1个变种。蜡梅品种分类系统几经调整,就目前来看,将之分为素心蜡梅品种群、晕心蜡梅品种群以及红心蜡梅品种群更为适宜;新品种选育主要利用实生选种、芽变以及杂交的方式获得。繁殖包括播种繁殖与无性繁殖。蜡梅科植物的挥发性成分以萜烯类及苯环型化合物等为主,非挥发性成分则主要含有生物碱、香豆素类、黄酮类等。分子生物学技术也应用到蜡梅研究中。在蜡梅的开发利用方面,在盆景制作、切花生产及保鲜、花茶加工工艺、香精及其药用开发技术方面均取得一定进展。

The research advances of Calycanthaceae were summarized in this paper. Calycanthaceae included two genera： Calycanthus and Chimonanthus. In Calycanthus there are 3 species and I variety, while 4 species and I variety exist in Chimonanthus. Furthermore the cultivars of Calycanthus praecox were classified into Concolor Group, lntermedius Group and Patens Group. The breeding methods mainly applied in this family included seedling selection, bud mutation and hybridization. The seed propagation and asexual propagation were used in this family. The volatile components in the t＇amily mainly included terpenoids and benzenoids. The non-volatile compounds were alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids and so on. The molecular biology technology was used in the recent studies of the family. In the exploitation and utilization or＂ C. praecox, the progresses were obtained in miniascaping, cultivation and preservation of cut flower, processing technology of scented tea, exploitation of essence and medicine.