夫妻生活习惯与不良生育史的关系

Relationship between life style and abnormal reproductive history

目的调查西城区育龄妇女不良生育史的发生情况及与夫妻双方生活习惯的关系，为优生优育工作提供依据。方法采用横断面调查，对2005—2009年北京市西城区12191位有生育意愿育龄妇女的不良生育史，夫妻双方生活习惯、危险因素接触及患病情况等进行分析，探讨影响不良生育史发生的因素。结果研究人群的不良生育史发生比例为2．1％，其中自然流产史发生比例为1．6％；妻子挑食，丈夫吸烟、饮酒者自然流产史发生比例高；夫妻至少一方接触毒物，妻子挑食，丈夫饮酒者死胎死产史发生比例高；夫妻至少一方吸烟，丈夫接触毒物者宫外孕史发生比例高，与无上述因素者比较，差异有统计学意义；Logistic回归结果显示，妻子挑食（OR=1．2，95％CI：1．0～1．4）、丈夫吸烟（OR=2．0，95％CI：1．4—2．8）者发生自然流产史的风险高；妻子挑食（OR=1．2，95％CI：1．0—1．4）、丈夫饮酒（OR=2．0，95％CI：1．4～2．8）、丈夫接触毒物（OR=6．3，95％CI：2．3—17．3）者发生不良生育史风险高。结论不良生育史的发生与夫妻生活习惯有关，预防不良生殖结局的发生应将夫妻双方均作为目标人群进行干预。

Objective To identify risk factors for adverse reproductive history among couples in Xicheng District, Beijing. Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted on 12 191 couples regarding adverse reproductive histories and risk factors. Results Overall prevalence of adverse reproductive history in women surveyed was 2.1%, and the prevalence of spontaneous abortion in particular was 1.6 %. A woman who had preference for particular food or whose - husband was a regular smoker or alcohol drinker was more likely to have a spontaneous abortion. A woman who herself or her husband was exposed to toxicants, who had preference for particular food, or whose husband was a alcohol drinker was more likely to have a stillbirth. A woman who herself or her husband was a smoker and whose husband was exposed to toxicants had higher proportion of ectopic pregnancy. Logistic regression analysis showed that a woman who had preference for particular food （ OR = 1.2,95 % CI： 1.0-1.4） or whose husband was a smoker （ OR =2. 0, 95 % CI： 1.4-2.8） was associated with an elevated risk of spontaneous abortion. In addition, a woman who had preference for particular food （ OR = 1.2, 95 % CI： 1.0-1.4） or whose husband was an alcohol drinker （ OR = 2. 0, 95 % CI： 1.4-2.8） or was exposed to toxicants （ OR = 6. 3, 95 % CI： 2.3-17.3） was associated with an increased risk of adverse reproductive history. Conclusion Unhealthy life styles of a woman or her husband may increase her risk of having an adverse pregnancy outcome.