低碳背景下节能减排对分行业就业影响的差异——基于我国东中西三大区域的面板数据分析

The Difference between Energy Saving and Emission Reduction Impact on the Sub-industry Employment under the Background of Low Carbon Economy:Based on the Panel Data Analysis of Eastern,Middle,and Western Regions in China

低碳经济背景下,实施节能减排政策是我国转变经济发展方式、坚持可持续发展道路的必然选择。利用29个省区、直辖市的经济发展数据,通过构建面板数据模型,考察了东、中、西三大区域不同行业的能源消费与就业之间的关系。实证结果显示,在全国范围内,节能减排政策对工业和建筑业的就业将产生抑制作用,而对服务业的就业具有促进作用。同时,节能减排政策将促进中、西部地区农林牧渔业的就业,减少东部地区农林牧渔业和交通邮政业的就业,但对中、西部地区交通邮政业的就业无明显影响。最后从能源消费的角度,对我国更好地实施节能减排政策、促进劳动力就业提出了若干政策建议。

The energy Saving and emission reduction policies are becoming the inevitable choice for China to transform the economic development modes and persist in the sustainable development route under the background of low carbon economy. Using the Chinese economic development data of 29 provinces, this paper builds the panel data model and investigates the relationship between the energy consumption and employment in three parts of China by different industries. The result shows that the energy saving and emission reduction policies will restrain the employment of industry and construction industry, but promote the employment of service industry. Meanwhile, these policies will promote the employment of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery in the middle and western China, reduce the employment of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and postal traffic industry in the eastern China. However, these policies have no significant effect on the employment of postal traffic industry in the middle and western China. At last, this paper proposes some policy recommendations from the angle of energy consumption, in order to implement the energy saving and emission reduction policies and promote the labor employment effectively.