生命周期法研究低碳能源发电碳减排潜力

The potential of CO_2 Emission Reduction in Low Carbon Energy Electricity Generating by LCA

随着全球气候变化与低碳经济发展的趋势不可避免,开发清洁能源、减少碳排放正成为国际社会各国的新目标。在发电领域的节能减排工作中,我国面临的最大挑战是改变以煤炭为主的火力发电结构。作为最大的碳排放国家,我国政府承诺到2020年,把碳排放强度(在2005年的基础上)降低45%。文章主要用生命周期法分析清洁能源发电的CO2排放强度(g/Kwh),并在此基础上结合中国的能源发电结构评估清洁能源的碳减排潜力。结果表明我国要完成上述任务还是很艰巨的,这需要我国对低碳能源发电大力投入,其中水电、核电和新能源发电(风电、光伏和生物质能)分别要以每年6%、20%和50%年均增长。为此,我国应当充分利用金融资本的杠杆力量和碳金融创新大力支持发展低碳产业。

As the inevitable trend of low-carbon economy, developing clean energy and reducing CO2 emission attracts more and more attention globally. Our biggest challenge in reducing CO2 emission of electricity generation is to change the energy-use structure which currently based on coal. Compared with 2005, China＇s government promised to reduce 45% CO2 emission per Unit GDP by the end of 2020. The lecture aims to compute CO2 emission of low carbon energy power generating system by means of life cycle assessment （LCA）. The result shows that hydroelectric, nuclear power and new energy power should be invested by annual growth of 6%, 20%, 50%, respectively, to reach the goal.