护士对精神病患者歧视状况调查

Investigation on nurses discrimination against the patients with mental disorders

目的:调查精神病医院及综合医院护士对精神病患者的歧视状况,探讨其影响因素。方法:采用歧视精神疾病患者评估量表对广州市精神病专科医院及综合医院的护士进行问卷调查。结果:两种不同医院护士的歧视精神病患者量表总分和能力维度评分没有统计学差异(P>0.05),精神病医院护士的隔离维度评分显著高于综合医院护士(P<0.001),而危险维度评分显著低于综合医院护士(P<0.001)。对量表总分的影响因素为护士的年龄、性别、是否参加过精神/心理知识讲座、与患者生活联系程度。结论:虽然两组护士对精神病患者的歧视总评分及能力维度歧视评分无统计学差异,但精神病医院护士在社会交往方面对患者的歧视态度比综合医院护士严重,在对患者危险趋向评价方面的歧视态度比综合医院护士轻。男性、参加过精神/心理知识讲座、与患者生活联系紧密的护士,对患者的歧视程度较轻;年龄越大的护士对患者的歧视越严重。

Objective： To investigate discrimination against patients with mental disorders by nurses from psychiatric hospital and general hospitals and to explore its influencing factors. Methods： By using the assessment scale of discrimination against patients with mental disorders, discrimination attitude of nurses both in psychiatric hospital and general hospitals was assessed. Results： There were no significant differences in total scores of the scale and the ability dimension scores between nurses in psychiatric hospital and general hospitals （P〉0.05）. The isolation dimension scores of psychiatric hospital nurses were significantly higher than that of nurses in general hospitals （P〈0.001）, but the dangerous dimension scores were significantly lower than that of the nurses in general hospitals （P〈0.001）. Factors influence the total scores of the scale were age, gender, attended psychiatric/psychological lectures or not, and the degree of life contact with the patients. Conclusion： There were no significant differences in total discrimination status and ability discrimination against psychiatric patients between nurses in psychiatric hospital and general hospitals. However, nurses in psychiatric hospital had severe discfimination against the patients in social communication and had lower level of discrimination against the patients in dangerous intension assessment than that of nurses in general hospitals. Nurses who were male, attended psychiatric/psychological lectures, had close life contact with the patients had lower level of discrimination; but nurses with older age had severe discrimination level against the patients.