科学预设的合理性及其法律应用

Rationality of Scientific Presupposition and Legal Application

科学预设是作为科学活动的不证自明的前提的观念。其合理性问题的认识大致经历了从逻辑经验主义到历史主义,再到自然主义的变化过程。科学预设是科学理论建构的主导因素,也是科学合理性的普遍性原则和标准建构的前提或指南,科学哲学应提供一套高层的科学预设来指引科学活动,而不能因为预设的可误、可变化而否定其合理性。科学预设不仅能从不同的角度服务于侦查讯问,也是法庭审判中常见的语言现象。

Scientific presupposition is self-evident premise idea in scientific activities. Understanding of its rationality problemexperienced roughly change process that from logical empiricism to historicism to naturalistic. Scientific presupposition is domi- nant factor of scientific theory construction, but it is also universal principles of scientific rationality and premises or guide of standard construction. Scientific philosophy should provide a high-level design to guide the scientific activities, and not because its mistake, change and denyngg its rationality. Scientific presupposition can not only he used in investigation and interrogationfrom different angles, and is a common language phenomenon in the trial court as well.