公司高管勤勉义务判断标准的构造:外国经验与中国方案

The Constitution of Judgement Standard of Corporate Top Manager's Diligence Duty:Foreign Experience and Chinese Project

在各个理论研究与司法实践中,公司高管勤勉义务判断标准历来是争论不休的问题。在我国,该问题尤为突出,其原因为:一方面,立法不尽完备,存在规范缺失问题;另一方面,司法实践中尚未总结出一套明确的判断标准,无法以规范性文件的形式提供统一的司法指导。在此问题上,国外典型国家已在制度与实践中表现出可资借鉴的经验。我国应从立法和司法两个层面寻求解决方案。在立法上,将客观标准作为公司高管法定的一般判断标准,同时辅之以特殊约定作为补充,并扩大勤勉义务判断标准的适用范围。在司法上,以司法解释的形式对公司法中勤勉义务的内容进行细化、补充,并引入"正常经营行为"标准。

In theoretical research and judicial practice, the judgement standard of corporate top manager＇s diligence duty is a frequent question at issue. In China, the problem is particularly acute. The reasons can be analyzed from two aspects： on the one hand, the legislation is incomplete with the problem of norm insufficiency; on the other hand, a set of specific judgement standard has not yet concluded in judicial practice, so the unified judicial guidance can not be provided in the form of normative documents. Over the issue, typical foreign countries have provided successful ex- perience for reference in the system and practice. The resolve project should be sought from two lev- els including legislation and judicature in China. In the legislation, the objective standard should be taken as the legal and general judgement standard of corporate top manager, accompanied with spe- cial agreement as supplement, and expanding the scope of the application of judgement standard of diligence duty. In the judicature, the content of diligence duty in corporate law should be refined and supplied by the form of judicial interpretation, and the standard of normal management behavior should be introduced.