清代笔记小说对文字狱的述载——以《子不语》和《阅微草堂笔记》中的吕留良案为例

The Literary Inquisition in the Notes Novel of Qing Dynasty

吕留良是明末清初杰出的学者、思想家,也是清代最著名文字狱中的主要人物。在《子不语》和《阅微草堂笔记》中都有表现吕留良的笔记,但袁枚和纪昀对吕留良的态度有所不同:袁枚重点叙述吕留良对佛教的态度,而纪昀则痛骂吕留良对朝廷不忠。因为身份和地位不同,导致两人对同一事件作出了完全不同的评价,也即袁枚认为吕留良案件是一个学术问题,而纪昀则认为是政治问题。

Lv Liuliang is the outstanding scholars and thinkers in late Ming and early Qing,and the main characters in the most famous literary inquisition. There are described Lv Liuliangg notes In Zi Bu Yu and Notes of YueWei Cottage. But Yuan Mei and Ji Yuns atti- tude to Lv Litdiang is different： Yuan Mei described Lv Liuiiang attitude toward Buddhism, but Ji Yun castigated Lv Liuliang is not loy- al to the imperial court. Because the different of identity and status, two person made totally different evaluation on the same event, Yuan Mei thinks Lv Liuliang ease is an academic problem, but Ji Yun thinks that political problems.