番茄渣发酵饲料对新疆褐牛生产性能、乳成分及血细胞参数的影响

Effects of Tomato Pomace Fermentation Feed on Growth Performance,Milk Composition and Blood Cell Parameters for Xinjiang Brown Cows

【目的】研究日粮中添加番茄渣发酵饲料对新疆褐牛生产性能、乳成分、血细胞参数及经济效益的影响。【方法】选泌乳日龄(86±29)d,体重(467±28)kg的2～3胎、健康、泌乳量相近的新疆褐牛20头分为2组,饲喂常规日粮(对照)和用14%番茄渣发酵饲料(CP≥26%,DM;主成分番茄渣,添加碳氮源后接种有益微生物)替代对照组日粮6%棉粕、4.5%麸皮和3.5%玉米青贮(DM)。【结果】与对照组相比,新疆褐牛添喂番茄渣发酵饲料显著提高DM采食量、4%校正乳产量(P<0.05),分别提高5.12%、5.83%。番茄渣发酵饲料组的乳产量、饲料转化率、乳脂率、乳蛋白、乳糖、总固体固形物在数值上高于对照组,但差异不显著(P>0.05),分别提高4.07%、0.62%、2.65%、2.83%、1.62%和1.48%;番茄渣发酵饲料组乳中体细胞数低于对照组(P=0.15)。添喂番茄渣发酵饲料有提高外周血红细胞数的趋势(P=0.07)。添喂番茄渣发酵饲料比对照组每日每头增收效益1.79元,增幅9.68%;每头牛每月(按30 d计)可多收入53.7元。【结论】添喂14%的番茄渣发酵饲料可提高新疆褐牛的DM采食量、4%校正乳产量及经济效益。

[ Objective] Twenty Xinjiang Brown cows were allocated to two treatment groups with 40 -d periods to determine whether supplementation of tomato pomace fermentation feed （CP ≥ 26%, DM） would influence milk yield, composition and blood cell parameter. [ Method] Treatment diets were ： 1 ） control ; 2） 6% cotton seed meal, 4.5% wheat bran, 3.5% corn silage （DM） of the control diet replaced with 14% to- mato pomace fermentation feed （DM）. [ Result ] Tomato pomace fermentation feed increased dry matter intake （DMI） , 4% fat - corrected milk yield （ P 〈 0.05）, and tended to increase the number of red blood cell （P =0.07）. DMI, 4% fat- corrected milk yield was increased 5.12% ,5.83%, respectively. The average milk yield, feed conversion rate, milk fat, protein, total solide were not affected, and they were increased by 4.07%, 0.62%, 2.65%, 2.83%, 1.62% and 1.48%, respectively. Tomato pomace fermentation feed supplementation decreased SCC （P =0.15 ）. Compared with the control, supplementation of tomato pomace fermentation feed could increase net income of ￥ 1.79/cow/d and ￥ 3.7/cow/re. [ Conclusion] This study indicated that it is advantageous to feed tomato pomace fermentation feed at 14% of dry matter, and tomato pomace fermentation feed supplementation could increase DMI, 4% fat - corrected milk and economic in- come.