有氧运动对高脂膳食金黄地鼠葡萄糖转运蛋白4、血糖及胰岛素的影响

Effects of aerobic exercise on glucose transporter 4,blood sugar and insulin of golden hamster fed with high-fat diet

目的探讨有氧运动对高脂膳食金黄地鼠葡萄糖转运蛋白4(glucose transporter 4,GluT4)、血糖及胰岛素的影响。方法将健康雄性清洁级金黄地鼠20只随机分为运动组和对照组,每组10只,均给予质量分数10%高脂膳食。运动组金黄地鼠作跑台运动10周,对照组在原有条件下饲养,不作跑台运动。10周后检测金黄地鼠血糖、胰岛素及骨骼肌和脂肪组织中GluT4的基因表达。结果跑台运动10周后运动组金黄地鼠空腹血糖为(12.89±3.35)mmol.L-1,低于对照组的(19.23±2.45)mmol.L-1,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);运动组血清胰岛素水平[(20.95±6.96)mmol.L-1]、胰岛素抵抗指数(2.47±0.35)均低于对照组[分别为(31.70±6.51)mmol.L-1、6.39±0.14],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);运动组骨骼肌GluT4 mRNA表达(0.35±0.06)高于对照组(0.10±0.05),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),肾周脂肪组织中GluT4 mRNA表达运动组(0.21±0.09)也高于对照组(0.09±0.03),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。运动组骨骼肌和脂肪组织中GluT4 mRNA的表达与血糖和胰岛素水平呈显著负相关。结论有氧运动可以降低血糖和胰岛素水平,增强GluT4 mRNA表达并向细胞膜转移,促进骨骼肌细胞及脂肪细胞对葡萄糖的摄取和利用,改善胰岛素抵抗。

Objective To study the effects of aerobic exercise on glucose transporter 4（GluT4）,blood sugar and insulin of golden hamster fed with high-fat diet.Methods Twenty healthy male golden hamsters were divided into control group（n=10） and exercise group（n=10）.10%（mass fraction） high-fat diets were fed in two groups.The golden hamsters in exercise group were trained in treadmill for 10 weeks,while the golden hamsters in control group were fed in the original condition and without training in treadmill.After 10 weeks experiment,blood sugar,insulin and GluT4 in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues were determined.Results After 10 weeks experiment,fasting blood glucose in exercise group[（12.89±3.35）mmol·L-1] was lower than that in control group[（19.23±2.45） mmol·L-1],the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.05）;the levels of insulin[（20.95±6.96） mmol·L-1],insulin resistance index（2.47±0.35） in exercise group were lower than those in control group [（31.70±6.51） mmol·L-1,6.39±0.14,respectively],the differences had statistical significance（P〈0.01）;the expression of GluT4 mRNA in skeletal muscle in exercise group（0.35±0.06） was higher than that in control group（0.10±0.05）,the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.01）,the expression of GluT4 mRNA in adipose tissues in exercise group（0.21±0.09） was higher than that in control group（0.09±0.03） also,the difference had statistical significance（P〈0.01）.The expression of GluT4 mRNA in skeletal muscle and in perirenal fat were negatively correlated with blood sugar and insulin in exercise group.Conclusion Aerobic exercise can reduce the levels of blood sugar and insulin,increase GluT4 mRNA expression and the transport to plasmalemma,improve the uptake and utilization of glucose in skeletal muscle and in adipose tissues,and improve the insulin resistance.