青岛市住区蚊虫种群构成及其携带病原调查

Survey on the mosquito distribution of residential area in Qingdao city

目的掌握青岛市住区蚊类种群构成、地理分布及携带病原情况,为指导蚊虫及蚊媒病的防治提供科学依据。方法采用CO2灯诱法、帐诱法采集不同环境成蚊;采集不同水体幼虫带回实验室饲养,待孵化成蚊后鉴定;蚊虫标本研磨处理后,采用细胞培养方法分离病毒,RT-PCR方法检测病毒核酸。结果青岛市住区蚊类种群构成(2007年CO2灯诱法)淡色库蚊、三带喙库蚊和白纹伊蚊为优势种群,分别占捕蚊总数的83%、13.44%和0.77%;东乡伊蚊占1.18%,主要分布于青岛沿海的石穴中;朝鲜伊蚊占0.07%,主要分布于崂山风景区;中华按蚊和刺扰伊蚊分别占1.38%和0.16%,主要分布于农村。青岛市蚊类5月份入笼,7月下旬、8、9月份达高峰,11月下旬笼诱不到。2006、2007、2008年共采集8 100只蚊虫,未分离到乙脑病毒和登革热病毒,乙脑病毒核酸检测均为阴性;但有3份(QD-2、QD-3、QD-9)蚊虫标本产生特异性细胞病变,怀疑为其他黄病毒。结论青岛市近年不大可能发生乙型脑炎和登革热疾病的流行;但宜于7-9月份加强蚊类防治工作,市民到海边、崂山景区游玩或到海边钓鱼时注意防伊蚊叮咬。

Objective To observe the constitution, distribution and pathogeny of mosquitoes and provide basis information for its control. Methods Collecting adult mosquitoes from different environment using carbon dioxide method,curtain tempt method;collecting larva to raise in the lab, identifying them after hatching;separating virus u- sing cell culture, detecting virus nucleic acid using RT - PCR method. Results The dominate population of mos- quitoes in Qingdao was Culex pipiens pallens, Culex tritaeniorhynehus and Aedes albopictus, the percent was 83% , 13.44% and 0.77% respectively. The percent of Aedes togoi was 1.18% ,it can develop in accumulated water in the rocks on the seashore in Qingdao. The percent of Aedes koreicus was 0.07% , it can develope in Laoshan beauty spot. The per- cent of Anopheles sinensis and Aedes vexans were 1.38% and 0. 16% ,it can develop in country. The mosquitoes in Qingdao entered in May, reached the peak in the last ten-day of July, August and September , died away in the last ten-day of November. We did not detach virus of epidemic encephalitis B and singapore hemorrhagic fever from 8 100 mosquitoes, the deteetion of nucleie acid was negative. However, three samples （ QD - 2, QD - 3, QD - 9） had special cell change,they were other Flavivirus. Conclusion Qingdao city is not a popular area of encephalitis B and dengue fever, a good effect on mosquitoes control is from July to September. We should pay attention to the sting of Aedes when go fishing,playing near the seaside or the Laoshan beauty spot.