初中生性健康知识及性烦恼现状与教育对策

Sex knowledge and puzzles of junior high school students and the educational countermeasures

正处在青春期的初中生遇到性问题而得不到诠释时,就容易产生困惑、忧郁、焦虑等心理问题而引发性烦恼。本文调查的400名初中生中,性健康知识认知度偏低,及格率仅为32.75%;分别有52.32%、18.50%和15.00%的初中生承认因异性交往问题、性别取向问题和手淫问题而产生过程度不等的性烦恼。性烦恼将会影响初中生健康成长,甚至引发社会问题。因此,在初中阶段开展性健康教育势在必行,也是学校、社会及家庭的义务和责任。初中生性健康教育应根据初中生性生理和性心理发育特点,要适时、适度、适量地讲授性健康知识,指导初中生正确认识自己和异性,提高对不良性信息的识别和抵制能力,预防和消除性困惑和性烦恼,形成健康的性意识,为健康渡过青春期打下基础。

Junior high school students are likely to incur puzzles, depression, anxiety and other psychological problems when their sexual questions and problems are not well addressed. Among 400 junior high school students surveyed in this study, only 32.75% got the passing grade in the sex knowledge test, which indicated an overall low level of sexual health knowledge. A- bout 52.32% of students admitted that they had puzzles over heterosexual interactions; 18.50% of students were vexed about sexual orientation; 15.00% of students felt ashamed of masturbation. Sexual puzzles could influence the healthy development of junior high school students, and can even cause social problems. Therefore, it is imperative to provide sexual education to the junior high school students through the concerted efforts of school, society and family. The sexual education for junior high school students should be conducted based on their physiological and psychological characteristics. The students should be educated to have correct perception of themselves and the opposite sex, to improve their ability of immunity against harmful sex information, and to develop healthy sexual knowledge and attitude.