供应商网络关系、网络结构与结点活性——美的空调的案例研究

Research on the Network Relationship of Suppliers, Network Structure and Activity of Nodes: A Case Study of Midea Air-conditioning

借助于结点活性的概念来描绘供应商的属性与状态,并结合企业网络中网络关系与网络结构的理论划分原则,通过将项目投资组合理论与企业网络理论相结合,尝试从供应商网络关系、网络结构与结点活性三个角度对供应商网络效率进行分析。基于美的空调的案例研究发现,从网络关系视角来看,焦点企业与供应商之间的信息共享程度、企业高层及中基层员工的交流频率将对供应商网络效率产生重要影响;从网络结构视角来看,焦点企业与供应商之间的业务份额对于供应商网络效率的影响作用较为明显;而从结点活性视角来看,焦点企业在供应商客户群体中的排名以及彼此之间的技术合作强度是影响供应商网络效率的重要因素。本文的研究成果对于供应商网络管理实践以及焦点企业供应商选择具有重要的借鉴意义与指导作用。

This paper first describes the attributes and status of suppliers based on the concept of the activity of nodes. Also drawing support from the principle of network classification about the enterprise network relations and network structure, and a combined view of the portfolio theory and enterprise network perspective, it then attempts to analyze the efficiency of supplier network from the angles of supplier network relationship, network structure and activity of nodes. Based on a case study of Midea Air-conditioning, this research comes to the following conclusions： from the perspective of network relationship, the degree of information sharing between the focal com- pany and the suppliers, and the communication frequency between corporate executives and junior staff will have a significant impact on the efficiency of supplier network; from the perspective of network structure, the business volume between the focal company and the suppliers also has im- portant influence on the efficiency of supplier network; and from the perspective of active nodes, the ranking of the focal company in the supplier＇s customers and the intensity of technical cooper- ation between the suppliers and the focal company are important factors that affect the efficiency of supplier network. The research offers important reference and guidance for the supplier network management practices and the supplier selection of the focal company.