25例过量受照人员的远期辐射医学效应

Long-term health effect of 25 persons overexposed to ionizing radiation

目的探讨过量受照人员的远期健康效应。方法对25例受照剂量为0．10～0．33Gy的人员，进行照后32～41年的医学随访。观察临床表现、眼晶状体、细胞遗传学指标、免疫功能、内分泌功能等指标的变化。结果受照者无力型神经衰弱症状发生率高。2例分别患肝癌、食管癌；7例出现晶状体后囊下点状混浊，1例疑似放射性白内障．夕h周血淋巴细胞染色体畸变率和微核率显著高于对照组（X2=8．88、8．71、40．60、45．63，P〈0．05）；受照组血清IgG平均值显著高于对照组（t=2．16，P〈0．05），IgM平均值显著低于对照组（t=2．03，P〈0．05）；受照组血清三碘甲状腺原氨酸（T3）、甲状腺索（T4）、促甲状腺索（TSH）平均值均在正常范围，但显著低于对照组（t=2．40、3．54、2．13，P〈0．05）。结论过量照射对晶状体、免疫系统、细胞遗传学指标存在一定的影响，观察过量受照人员的远期医学效应有重要意义。

The 32 - 41-year medical followed-up observations were performed for 25 persons exposed to ionizing radiation in the dose range of 0.10 - 0.33 Gy. Observations were made of clinical symptom, eye lens, cytogenetics, immune function and endocrine function for these persons. Results The incidence of neurasthenic symptom was higher in exposed group than that in control group. 2 cases suffered from liver cancer and esophageal cancer, respectively. Posterior capsule punctate phacoscotasmus of the lens were observed in 7 cases. There was 1 case of cataract in the exposed group. The frequencies of chromosome aberration and micronucleis in peripheral blood lymphocyte in the exposed group were significantly higher than those in control group （X2 = 8.88, 8.71, 40.60, 45.63, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The average value of serum IgG was higher（t = 2.16, P 〈 0.05） , while that of IgM was obviously lower in the exposed group （ t = 2. 03, P 〈 0.05）. The average values of serum triiodothyronine （ T3 ） , thyroxine （ T4 ） and thyroid-stimulating hormone （TSH） in the exposed group were obviously lower than those in the control group （t = 2.40, 3.54, 2.13, P 〈 0.05）. Conclusions Overexposure has effect on lens, immune function, cytogenetics to some degree. It is important to observe the long-term health effect on overexposed persons.