新生儿与成人瞬态诱发耳声发射性别差异的比较

Gender Difference of Transient-Evoked Otoacoustic Emission between Neonates and Young Adults

目的探讨瞬态诱发耳声发射(TEOAE)的性别差异在新生儿与成人之间的变化。方法以短声刺激分别对120名(女62,男58)通过听力筛查的新生儿及53名(男26,女27)纯音听阈正常的青年成人行TEOAE检测,对两组TEOAE强度及频带信噪比(SNR)的性别差异进行分析。结果①成人组TEOAE强度性别差异(2.41dB)明显高于新生儿(0.99dB)。②新生儿SNR除1kHz男婴高于女婴外,其余频带均为女婴高于男婴,且SNR的性别差异随频率增加而增大,在3、4kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。成人不同频带SNR均为女性高于男性,除3kHz外也呈现随频率增加而增大的特征,在2、4kHz差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 TEOAE总强度的性别差异随年龄增加而增大,且新生儿及成人频带SNR的性别差异均随频率增加而增大,成人低频区SNR的性别差异较新生儿更明显。

Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the gender differences of transient-evoked otoaeoustic emissions （TEOAE） between neonates and young adults. Methods Click-evoked otoacoustic emissions were recorded from 120 newborns （62 females, 58 males）that passed hearing screening and 53 young adults （27 females, 26 males） with pure-tone threshold at or lower than 20 dB HL. Gender difference of TEOAE level and signal to noise ratio （SNR） at five frequency bands were compared between two groups. Results ①The gender difference of TEOAE level in young adult （2.43 dB） was greater than neonates （0.99 dB）. OSNRs at frequency band for girls were higher than boys at 1.5,2,3 and 4 kHz, except the frequency band centered at 1 kHz. Statistical differ ence were found at frequency band centered at 3 kHz and 4 kHz significantly（P〈0.05）, respectively. SNR in females were higher than in male in total five frequency bands. Statistical differences were found at frequency band centered at 2 kHz and 4 kHz significantly（P〈0.05）, respectively. The gender difference of SNR was enlarging with the increasing frequency band for both adults and neonates, in the same time, gender difference of SNR in adults were larger than in neonates at the frequency band equal or lower than 2 kHz. Conclusion Gender difference of TEOAE level is larger in adults than in neonates, which suggest that gerder difference of TEOAE level increases with the age.