汽车线控转向系统的研究现状与发展

Current Status and Trend of Automobile Steering-by-Wire System

鉴于汽车转向系统直接影响着汽车操纵稳定性、驾驶舒适性和主动安全性,引入新一代线控转向系统,并比较了线控转向系统与传统转向系统的特点。从提出概念、原型设计和概念车开发三方面阐述了线控转向系统的发展历史和研究现状。介绍了线控转向系统的结构、工作原理、关键部件和分类情况,分析了线控转向系统的控制策略及其对汽车的操纵稳定性、空间结构、智能性、安全性等方面的改善。最后讨论了线控转向系统在未来发展中亟需解决的相关问题,包括安全可靠问题、成本问题、控制策略问题和动力电源问题等。

A new generation of the steering-by-wire （SBW） system was introduced in view of the steering system directly affects vehicle handling and stability, comfort and active safety. A simple comparison was given between SBW system and traditional steering system in the development process of vehicle steering system. Current status and the history of SBW system are described from concept propos- al, prototype design and development of concept car with SBW system. The structure, principle, key components and classification of SBW system were introduced systematically. Control strategy and characteristics of SBW system were analyzed in detail which improved the handling stability, spatial structure, intelligence and security of vehicle. The future problems to be solved were discussed, inclu- ding safety and reliability, cost, control strategy and power supply, et al.