配置租、遗弃性垄断与选择权剥夺——农村信用社制度变迁的路径依赖分析

ALLOCATION RENTS,DISCARDING MONOPOLY AND OPTIONS DEPRECIATION——Analysis on Path Dependence of RCC Institution Change

诺斯将低效率制度持续存在的原因归结为制度变迁的路径依赖,我国低效率的农村信用社制度正是这样一个典型案例。本文基于其制度变迁的三个利益集团———国家、组织、农户的视角,分别提出了"配置租"、"遗弃性垄断"以及"选择权剥夺"的概念,以揭示农村信用社制度变迁形成路径依赖的深层次原因;在此基础上,文章对突破农村信用社制度变迁的路径依赖提出了相应的建议;最后,指出转轨国家制度变迁的路径依赖是一种普遍现象,其中国家主体对制度变迁的依赖意识是产生路径依赖的根本原因,并且提出了一些展望。

Douglass C. North attributed the persistent existence of low efficiency institution to path dependence of institution change, and China Rural Credit Cooperative （RCC） was such a typical example. From three angles as state, organization and farmer, this paper separately raised conceptions as allocation rents, discarding monopoly and options deprivation, to deeply reveal the causes of path dependence of RCC institution change. On this basis, this paper pointed out that path dependence of institution change in tran- sitional countries were common phenomenon, and the path dependence conscious of state was the key cause, and some prospects were proposed.