额济纳绿洲生态需水研究

Study on ecological water requirement of Ejina Oasis

基于遥感解译和实测径流资料,分析了额济纳绿洲生态状况与水资源的关系,结果表明,无论从时间尺度上还是从空间尺度上,额济纳绿洲生态演变和水资源之间均具有明显的正相关关系,水资源减少是生态退化的决定性因素。在此基础上,结合西北内陆河产水和用水特点,认为产流较弱的绿洲区生态需水量是为维持一定规模绿洲所需区外补给水量。随后建立了额济纳绿洲生态需水计算的"正切"模型,通过与其他方法的比较,验证了模型的合理性,该方法可为北方缺水地区绿洲生态需水分析计算和水资源管理方案的合理制定提供决策依据。

Based on the measured runoff data and the RS interpretation, the relationship between ecological conditions of Ejina Oasis and water resources was analyzed. The results show that in terms of time scales or from the spatial scale, the evolution of the ecological environment in Ejina Oasis and water resources are among the obvious positive correlation, and reduction of water resources is a decisive factor for the ecological degradation. On this basis, according to the characteristics of water production and water consumption of Northwest inland rivers, this paper proposes that ecological water use of the oasis, which yields weak runoff, is required by a certain amount of water recharge to maintain the oasis, and a ＂tangent＂ model for ecological water requirement calculation of Ejina Oasis has been established. By comparison with other methods the reasonableness of this model is verified, and the method provides support for the calculation of ecological water demand in the oasis areas of Northern region and the development of water resources management program.