基于LEACH协议的改进路由算法

Improved Routing Algorithm Based on LEACH Protocol

针对LEACH协议在簇头选择过程中消耗能量多和节点间能量消耗不均匀的问题,本文提出了一种基于时间的均匀分簇混合路由协议(ECHT).在簇头竞选阶段中,节点广播成为簇头的时间与其剩余能量成反比,越早广播的节点将成为簇头.在数据传输阶段中,采用多跳与单跳相结合的方式将数据传送到基站,并计算数据传送开销来修改节点能量以此确定网络生命周期.仿真结果显示,ECHT协议能有效地均衡网络节点的能量消耗和延长网络生命周期.

Aiming at the problem of LEACH （Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy） protocol consum- ing a lot of energy of network when selecting cluster heads and leading to uneven energy consumption among the nodes, this paper presents an equal clustering hybrid routing algorithm based on time （ECHT）. During the selection, the time of node broadcast to become cluster head is inversely proportional to its residual energy. The node broadcasts in shorter time will become cluster head. In data communication stage, ECHT adopts the combination of single hop and multi-hop to transmit data to the base station. The communication cost is com- puted to change the node＇ s energy and then determine the network lifetime. Simulation results show that comparing with LEACH, ECHT effectively balances the energy consumption among sensors and achieves an obvious improvement on the networks lifetime.