不同利益主体在水土保持生态建设中的作用机制——以福建长汀县为例

Function mechanism of stakeholders in the process of soil and water conservation: A case study of Changting County,Fujian Province

贫困与生态环境之间的关系是多维、复杂、因地而异的,需要翔实数据与典型案例的支撑,更需要全新的视角。传统研究过于强调某一主体的作用,忽略了不同主体综合作用的结果,尤其是忽视了不同主体之间相互作用过程,因此,还不足以全面理解贫困与生态环境之间的复杂关系。以福建长汀县为典型区域,运用利益主体分析框架探讨政府、民众、企业、非政府组织(NGOs)、国际组织等不同利益主体在水土保持生态建设过程中的作用机制。研究结果有助于充分理解不同利益主体的作用机制,并为同类区域制定扶贫战略与资源环境保护政策提供借鉴。

The relationship between poverty and environment is multi-dimensional, complex, varied, and locally specific, requiring detailed data and supporting cases, as well as new perspectives, to be understood. Taking Changting County in south-east China as an empirical case study, within the analytical framework of stakeholders, i. e. the government, the public, enterprise, non-government organizations （NGOs） , and international organizations, this article aims to explore function mechanism of stakeholders. In the process of comprehensive treatment of soil and water erosion, especially since 2000, Changting County had achieved remarkable achievements in ecological restoration, meanwhile made great success in poverty alleviation. Different stakeholders played important roles respectively in the ＂win-win＂ process between environmental protection and poverty reduction, and their participation determined the effectiveness of soil and water conservation. This study provides a new perspective for exploring the relationship between poverty and environment, and is benefit to understand the internal mechanisms of this relationship, as well as to provide a reference for similar areas to devise poverty-alleviation strategies and environmental-protection policies.