马克思对施蒂纳“独自性”观点的批判

Marx's Critique on Stirner's Viewpoint of "Peculiarity"

施蒂纳认为自由和独自性有本质的不同:自由是对异己力量的单纯的否定、摆脱,是毫无实际内容的幻想,是抽象的"人"的自由,而"独自性"则是无限的、积极肯定的,是个人权力和力量的表现。在马克思看来,没有单纯否定的、消极的自由,自由具有肯定的、积极的内容。施蒂纳抽象掉了人的需要的满足和能力的发展等重要因素,把自由变为脱离现实生活的范畴,他的独自性观点带有小资产阶级的偏见。

Stirner thinks that there are essential differences between freedom and peculiarity.Freedom is negation and deletion of alien forces,and the illusion without actual content.Freedom is of abstract 'man',while 'peculiarity ' is the power and strength of ego.Marx argues that there is no sheer negative freedom.Freedom is of positive and active content.Stirner abstracted away important factors of man's needs and capable development,turned freedom a category detached from the real life,and thus his viewpoint of peculiarity is of petty bourgeois prejudice.