贵州省水资源安全问题及战略性对策研究

Research on Problem of Water Resources Security in Guizhou and Its Strategic Solutions

通过多年来水资源状况数据分析,发现贵州省主要河流和湖(库)水环境功能较差,主要城市地下水受到一定污染,水、旱灾害交织频发、灾害损失较大,水利基础建设滞后,水资源安全问题严峻。体制性和机制性障碍突出,水资源分配和管理效率低下;污水排放量加大,治污能力不足;强烈溶岩发育,生态脆弱性和水利设施建设难度大是导致贵州省水资源安全问题的主要原因。因此,通过建立有效的水污染防治体系,加快节水型社会建设,实施"三三结合"的生态建设战略和开展水环境保护补偿机制探索,是缓解贵州省水资源安全问题主要途径。

By analyzing the water resource date in Guizhou Province, several existing problems have been indicated in this article, i.e. poor water quality of lakes （reservoirs） with a large volatility; urban underground water has been seriously polluted; frequent floods and droughts cause a massive damage; insufficiency in the construction of water conservancy strengthens the seriousness of engineering water shortage. Institutional and systematic obstacles are prominent due to the low efficiency water resource allocation and management; the amount of wastewater is ascending dramatically with poor ability on wastewater treatment. Intensive development of lava, the vulnerability of ecosystem and the difficulties in the construction of water conservancy worsens the security problem of water resource. Therefore, this paper mainly addresses the strategic solutions to mitigate the security problem of water resource in Guizhou by establishing an effective wastewater treatment system, accelerating water-saving social construction pace, exploring the protection and compensation mechanism of aquatic environment and implementing the ecological eonstruction strategy with a full consideration of three-three combination.