2010年济宁市城区与微山湖区小学生卫生行为调查

Comparison on the Health Behaviors of Primary School Students between Weishan Lake and Jining Urban Areas,2010

[目的]了解并比较济宁市城区和微山湖区小学生的卫生行为状况,为开展小学生健康行为习惯养成教育提供参考。[方法]2010年4月,在济宁市城区和微山县湖区抽取1 323名4～5年级小学生进行调查。[结果]调查城区学生434人,湖区学生877人。在吃水果前清洗、不常喝生水、不挑食、不暴饮暴食、每天刷牙2次以上、饭后漱口、每学期查视力、每天做眼保健操、不躺着或趴着看书的所占比例,湖区学生均低于城区学生(P<0.05或<0.01);饭前或便后洗手者所占比例,城区为99.54%,湖区为98.40%(P>0.05)。良好卫生行为得分,湖区学生为6.46±1.73分,城区学生为8.05±1.59分(P<0.01);男生733人为6.78±1.80分,女生578人为7.25±1.87分(P<0.01);4年级618人为7.33±1.75分,5年级693人为6.68±1.87分(P<0.01)。[结论]济宁市微山湖区小学生中具有良好卫生行为者所占比例明显低于城区小学生。

[Objective]To understand and compare the health behaviors of primary school students between Weishan lake and Jining urban areas,so as to provide references for developing healthy habits in primary school students, [Methods]In April 2010,1 323 pupils from grade 4-6 of primary schools were selected and investigated in this study. [Results] Four hundred and thirty-four students from urban area and 877 students from lake area were investigated. Compared with urban students,students from lake area had lower proportions of cleaning before eating fruits, not drinking unboiled water, no picky eating, no binge eating, ≥2 times of brushing daily,mouthwash after meals, eyesight check two times each semester,doing eye exercises every day,not reading a book while lying（ P 〈0.05 or P 〈0.01）. The proportion of washing hands before meals or after using toilet was similar in urban students（99.54%） and in those from lake areas （98.40%）（ P 〉0.05）. Scores of good health behaviors were higher in urban students （8. 05±1.59） than in those from lake areas （6. 46±1.73） （ P 〈0.01） ,higher in girls（7.25±1.87） than in boys （6. 78±1.80） （ P 〈0.01） ,and higher in students of grade 4 （7.33±1.75） than those of grade 5 （6.6±8 ±1.87） （ P 〈0.01）. [Conclusion]Compared with urban students, fewer primary students in lake areas have good healthy behaviors.