中国高速铁路隧道气动效应研究进展

Study evolvement of high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic effect in China

论述了现场实车试验、数值仿真计算和室内模型试验等高速铁路隧道气动效应的研究方法,分析了隧道气动效应的影响因素,系统研究了动车组通过隧道及交会条件下车体内和隧道内瞬变压力与洞口微气压波随速度的变化规律、缓冲结构的设置条件、隧道附加阻力的计算方法、隧道内辅助设施所承受的气动荷载要求以及长大隧道远程测试控制技术和隧道内精确交会控制方法。研究结果表明:高速列车通过隧道引起的气动效应直接影响到列车运行的安全性、乘员舒适性以及隧道周边的环境,是高速铁路隧道设计中必须解决的关键技术问题;建议提出适合中国国情的隧道内复合型舒适度、微气压波标准,开展多孔吸能材料、洞口缓冲结构、减压竖井、横通道设计等减缓措施研究。

The.research methods of high-speed railway tunnel aerodynamic effect, such as field test, numerical simulation computation and indoor model test, were dissertated. The influence factors of tunnel aerodynamic effect were analyzed. The variation laws of transient pressures in train and tunnel and micro-pressure waves outside tunnel with different velocities, buffer structure setting conditions, the calculating method of additional air resistance in tunnel, the aerodynamic load requirements of tunnel subsidiary facilities, remote testing and control technology in large-scale tunnel, the accurate control method of train passing in tunnel were systematically studied when high-speed train set went through tunnel and rendezvoused in tunnel. Analysis result shows that the aerodynamic effect produced by high-speed train set through tunnel directly affects train security, passenger comfort and tunnel surrounding environment, it is the key technical problem that must be solved in the design of high-speed railway tunnel. Composite comfort and micro-pressure wave standards that are suitable for China are suggested, the researches on micro-pressure wave mitigative measures such as porous energy-absorbing materials, the buffer structure of tunnel hole, decompression shaft, cross-channel design should be carried out. 1 tab, 8 figs, 12 refs.