中国农村社会工作专业性和行政性的双重悖论研究

Research on Double Paradox between Specialized Social Work and Administration Social Work in Rural Place in China

中国农村社会工作的发展现状是专业性和行政性两种模式并存,而且在实践过程中各自都存在悖论,这种农村社会工作的双重悖论表现在二者都无法有效地改善乡村社会的治理结构,实现社会工作的专业使命。专业性农村社会工作的悖论体现在其自身拥有专业的优势,表现在专业的理念、价值和使命等,可以独立于行政体制,独立自主地开展工作,但是面对基层"不合法"的治理结构时往往无能为力;行政性农村社会工作本质上属于国家的制度安排,在发展的过程中可以获得大量体制内资源的支持,在短期内推动乡村经济的发展,但是也不能改善乡村的治理结构。这两种工作模式将会在未来的中国农村社会工作领域长期并存,如何协调与基层政治的关系是当前专业性农村社会工作亟待解决的一个问题。

The development status of Chinese rural social work is specialization and administerativization coexists with each other, and there are paradoxes in the process of practice. The kind of double paradox in rural social work is they all can＇ t better the governance structure in rural society, and achieve profession-al mission of social work. The paradox of professional rural social work show up that it owns professional advantages, such as professional idea, value, and mission, which can be independent of administrative system, and be able to work independently, but always be powerless when faced with illegal rural governing structure. The administrative rural social work is a country＇ s institutional arrangement in essence, which can acquire a lot of support of political system resources, and promote rural economic development in a short time, but also c-an not improve rural governing structure. The two patterns of rural social work will coexist in a long term. The problem that needed to be solved urgently for specialized rural social work is how to coordinate with grassroots politics.