民族地区博物馆发展的历史与现状评述

A Study on the History and Current Situation of Museum Development in China's Minority Regions

观察并分析民族地区博物馆实践以及文化文物系统、民族系统两套权威统计数据,有助于从宏观的视角评述民族地区博物馆的发展历史。研究显示,民族地区博物馆发展历史和现状呈现四大特点:一是博物馆起步普遍较晚,但最近20年发展迅猛;二是博物馆种类单一,以社会历史类博物馆、纪念馆为主,缺乏艺术类博物馆;三是区域发展不平衡与民族分布不均衡;四是新型的生态博物馆给民族地区博物馆事业带来新的生机。

Observing museum practices and analyzing the two statistics published by the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the State Administration of Ethnic Affairs are helpful in reviewing the museum history of minority regions from a macro perspective. This research reveals that （a） while with a late start, museums in minority regions have developed rapidly in recent 20 years, （b） history and memorial museums take the majority and art museums are missing; a diversity in category is yet to be seen, （c） museum development imbalance exists among regions and ethnic minorities, and （d） the ecomuseum as a new type brings new vitality to the museum development in minority regions.