基于分治求精的无线传感器网络节点定位算法

Divide-and-conquer and refinement method based localization algorithm for wireless sensor networks

节点自身定位是无线传感器网络应用的支撑技术之一。将分治法运用到无线传感器网络节点自身定位问题中,研究了锚节点位置关系对节点定位的影响,设计了基于分治求精的无线传感器网络节点定位算法(divide-and-conquer and refinement method based localization algorithm,DRBLA)。DRBLA采用先分而治之、再整体求精的思想,根据锚节点位置关系对定位的影响,有效筛选锚节点构成组合分别对未知节点初步定位,随后加权求精得出最终定位结果。DRBLA不需要额外添加硬件,通信量小且容易实现。仿真结果显示,相对于传统基于测距的定位算法,DRBLA具有明显的优越性,尤其是可以利用较少的锚节点取得较高的定位精度。

The node self-localization is one of the supporting technologies in wireless sensor networks. A di- vide-and-conquer and refinement method based localization algorithm （DRBLA） for wireless sensor networks is proposed. First, the received signal strength indicator is translated into distance and the anchors are seriated in clockwise order. Then, the effective anchors are selected out orderly to estimate the coordinate of unknown nodes and a verifying node is selected out to identify the estimate coordinate. Finally, the weighted centroid of all the cursory coordinates is identified as the location result. No added hardware is needed in this algorithm and the communication spending is very low. This algorithm is compared with other traditional localization schemes and simulation results indicate the effectiveness of DRBLA whether anchors are placed regularly or randomly. Especially, it can get a high localization accuracy with low anchor density.