宋《营造法式》测量技术探析

Surveying Technology in Ying Zao Fa Shi(Building Standards)

作为中国古籍中最完善的一部建筑技术专书,宋《营造法式》详尽总结了古代先民在建筑营造过程中采用的测量仪器和测绘技术方法。以现代测量学的视角,通过对《营造法式》所记载的定平、定向等相关测绘内容的解读和分析,在澄清以往研究谬误的基础上进一步说明:在一千多年前的宋代,中国的祖先在营造过程中已经总结出了一套具有现代测量学意义的、蕴涵层级控制思想的、相对完善的基本测量理论体系。

Ying Zao Fa Shi, an architectural book published in the Song Dynasty of China, gives a comprehensive account of the measuring instruments and technologies in the construction of buildings by ancient people. From the perspective of modern measuring technologies, by means of the measuring contents such as plane surveying, orientation surveying, etc. recorded in Ying Zao Fa Shi and clarification of the errors found in prior studies, the article offers further research results ： in the Song Dynasty more than 1,000 years, the ancient Chinese have drawn a series of conclusions speaking of modern measuring technologies, containing level-control and comparatively perfect and fundamental measuring theoretical systems.