权力结构变化与经济制度创新——基于历史视角的分析

The Changes of Power Structure and Innovation of the Economic System——On the Basis of Historical View

社会权力结构变化是经济制度创新的重要因素之一。从历史上看,前工业社会,农民和奴隶没有独立性的私有产权,产权与神权、君权、皇权联系在一起,失衡、固化的权力结构不利于生产力发展与市场交易,制度创新很难发生,这一时期的制度变革往往依靠武力;早期工业社会的权力结构呈现一种相对多元结构,产权私有制与市场制度结合,公司制企业替代传统作坊等创新制度促进了经济的发展;20世纪开放的产权制度形成了多元产权主体共存于同一经济组织之中,不断变化的权力结构带来经济制度的不断创新以及生产力和经济的空前发展。可以说,经济和社会的发展历史是权力结构不断发展变化的历史,也是制度不断创新的历史。

The change of aocial power structure is one of the important factors of economic system innova- tion. Historically, pre- industrial society, peasants and slaves had no independence demesne property right, the property fight was l^nked together with theocratic monarchy, imperial power. This kind of im- balanced power structure was not conducive to the development of productivity and market transaction. It was hard to get system innovation. The institutional change often relied on the force in this period. The power structure in early industrial society had a relatively diverse structure, private property right system was linked with market system, It was the innovation that company replaced the traditional workshops promoted economic development. In twentieth Century, open property right system led to a multiple prop- erty rights which coexisted in the same economic organizations, the changing power structure brought the economic system innovation, and promoted productivity and economy development . We can draw a con- clusion, the development history of economy and society is also that of the power structure as well as the history of system innovation.