直播播期对不同类型水稻品种生育期及产量形成的影响

Effects of Direct-seeding Date on Growth Period and Grain Yield of Different Genotypes of Rice

以不同类型水稻品种为试验材料,研究了直播稻播期与生育期及产量构成的关系。结果表明:6月17日(与当地生产上播期相近)播种,早熟中粳品种产量最高,早熟品种在让茬时间短的情况下有一定产量优势;在产量最低的最迟播期(7月1日)播种,杂交迟熟中粳品种产量最高,反应出杂交组合具有高产潜力。综合表明,水稻直播播期对产量有显著影响,播种期是获得高产的基础,水稻播期推迟导致产量下降的重要原因是直播播期对水稻生育期有一定影响,生产上应根据水稻品种特性确定适宜的播种期。

The relationship between seeding time of direct seeding rice and growth period, the grain yield formation was studied with different rice varieties. Experimental results showed that when sowing seeds on June 17 （similar to the local seeding time）, the grain yield of early mature medium japonica variety had the highest yield, and it had certain advantage in yield when time was short; when sowing seeds on July 1 （the latest seeding time with the lowest yield）, the yield of hybrid late mature medium japonica variety was the highest. Therefore, this hybrid combination has potential of high yield. The results also indicated that the seeding time of direct seeding rice have significant effect on grain yield. Seeding time is the base of high yield, so the suitable seeding time should be made according to the variety characteristics. Growth period of rice was affected by seeding time of direct seeding rice, and it was also an important factor for decreasing yield caused by postponement of seeding time.