基于农业与能源资源消费的岩溶山区碳排放效应研究

The Research of Carbon Emission Based on the Agriculture andEnergy Resource Consumption in the Karst Mountainous Area

岩溶山区属于经济欠发达地区,且生态环境脆弱、敏感,准确评估岩溶山区农业与能源消费碳排放对区域碳汇核算有重要意义。参考已有研究,借助生态足迹的理论,将资源消费转化为土地面积,利用土地利用变化的碳排放转换系数,间接计算毕节地区2008年资源消费的碳排放。结果表明:(1)2008年毕节地区的生物资源消费(农作物)产生的总的碳排放为535960.68t,人均碳排放量0.0643t/人,单位面积碳排放量0.1996t/km2;能源消费碳排放中,标准煤消费、天然气消费、油料消费碳排放分别为30058347.94、1707.766204、18956.56547t,人均碳排放量分别为3.6046、0.0002、0.0023t/人,单位面积碳排放量分别为11.1937、0.0006、0.0071t/km2;(2)毕节地区主要是以煤炭消费的碳排放为主,煤炭消费碳排放在能源消费碳排放中占99.9%;(3)毕节地区的碳汇(固碳)效果较差,主要原因是人为因素导致的石漠化加剧,森林覆盖率较低,其次是岩溶背景所致。探讨典型岩溶地区基于资源消费的碳排放,可以完善中国碳排放理论,也为国家制定差异化的区域碳减排目标和碳排放调控政策提供有益参考。

The karst mountainous area was undeveloped, ecological environment was weak and sensitive; accurate evaluation of carbon emissions of agriculture and energy consumption of the karst mountain area has important meaning to regional carbon accounting. According to reference research, with the aid of the theories of ecological footprint, the author changed resources consumption into land area, and calculated carbon emissions of resources consumption use by coefficient of carbon emissions transform indirect in 2008. The result showed that： （1） the total carbon emission of biological resources consumption （crops） of Bijie was 535960.68 t in 2008, per capita carbon emission was 0.0643 t and unit area was 0.1996 t/km2; carbon emissions of energy consumption such as coal, natural gas and fuel were 30058347.94 t, 1707.766204 t, 18956.56547 t, respectively, per capita carbon emissions were 3.6046 t, 0.0002 t, 0.0023 t and unit area of carbon emissions were 11.1937 t/kin2, 0.0006 t/kin2, 0.0071 t/kin2; （2） The coal consumption was mainly carbon emissions in Bijie Region, the coal consumption carbon emission accounted for 99.9% of carbon emission of the energy consumption. （3） Per capita and unit area carbon emissions in Bijie were much higher than the national average. （4） The carbon sink （solid carbon） effect in Bijie was poorer, the main reason is that forest coverage rate was low, caused by the rocky desertification （human destruction）, the second reason was the karst background. Exploring carbon emission of typical karst area based on the resource consumption could not only perfect our country＇ s carbon emissions theory, but also provide helpful reference for countries to make different regional carbon emission targets and control policies.