苦参提取物抑制番茄灰霉病菌活性的研究

Studies on Antibacterial Activities of Sophora flavescens Extracts on Tomato Botrytis cinerea

以苦参提取物做为抑菌剂,采用生长速率法和悬滴法,室内测试不同浓度（1,5,10,20g·L-1）苦参提取物对番茄灰霉病菌的抑菌活性。结果表明：不同苦参提取物浓度对番茄灰霉病菌菌丝均具有抑制作用,且作用强度随浓度增加而增强。接菌后4d,20g·L-1苦参提取物处理的菌丝抑制率达92.14%;苦参提取物对病菌孢子萌发抑制作用较强,且随着提取物浓度的增大,萌发抑制作用增强。20g·L-1苦参提取物处理的孢子萌发抑制率为97.46%,且均与对照差异达显著水平。不同温度、pH值、保存时间对苦参提取物抑菌的影响结果表明：在-20~100℃,随着处理温度升高,其抑菌活性下降显著,100℃处理时抑菌率降至62.43%;pH值5～9抑菌活性最高且变化较小,pH值为11时,抑菌率下降到71.07%;在4℃下保存5d与0d的抑菌率无差异,随着保存时间的延长,抑菌率逐渐降低,超过21d抑菌率显著下降。

In this paper,the effect of Sophora flavescens extracts on Botrytis cinerea Pers were studied with mycelium growth rate method and suspending method.The results showed that all the concentrations（1,5,10,20g·L-1） of Sophora flavescens restrained the mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea Pers,and the stimulative rates were enhanced with the increased concentration.As the concentration of flavonoids was 20g·L-1,the max inhibition ratio of mycelial growth achieve 92.14% 4 days after inoculation.Sophora flavescens extracts strong restrained the spore germination of Botrytis cinerea Pers,with the concentration increasing of Sophora flavescens extracts,inhibitory effects on the spore germination promoted.In the concentration of 20g·L-1,inhibition rate of spore germination was 97.46%,and all significant difference from that of the check test.The results of different temperatures,pH value,storage time on Sophora flavescens show that the antibacterial effect of Sophora flavescens extracts at-20℃ and 100℃ treatments were obvious.With the temperature increasing of Sophora flavescens extracts,the antibacterial effect declined obviously.After 100℃ treatment,the inhibition ratio declined to 62.43%.In certain pH value range（pH=5 to 9） the antibacterial effect of Sophora flavescens extracts has not changed much.When pH=11,the inhibition ratio declined to 71.07%.In 4℃ environment,The effect of inhibitory ratio of sophora flavescens extracts that store 5d and 0d had no difference.The effect of inhibitory ratio decreased with the storage time and was remarkably decreased when the time exceeded 21days.