复合活化磷矿粉的有效性研究

Effectiveness of Composite Activated Phosphate Rock Powder

为了实现中低品位磷矿粉的资源化利用,以油菜和小白菜为研究对象,通过设置盆栽试验,对经机械化学和磷素活化剂复合活化后磷矿粉的长效有效性进行研究。结果表明,前期试验中施用重过磷酸钙处理的油菜干重、叶绿素及全磷含量均显著高于经活化处理磷矿粉的。而后期试验中分别经机械化学和不同磷素活化剂(黑液污泥和低分子有机酸的钠钙盐)处理的磷矿粉,其小白菜干重、叶绿素及全磷含量均与重过磷酸钙处理的无显著差异。整个生长周期内,重过磷酸钙速效磷含量在前期(0～50天)呈线性递减,50天内减少了40mg/kg,50天以后变化较平缓;复合活化后的磷矿粉速效磷含量呈现出缓慢升高后缓慢下降的趋势,且在40天左右达到最高。研究表明,尽管复合活化后的磷矿粉肥效初期达不到重过磷酸钙水平,但后期则能与之相当。

In order to study the effective utilization of middle-low-grade phosphate rock, pot experiments of rape and Rrassica chinesis were conducted to evaluate the long-term effectiveness of phosphate rock powder activated by mechanochemistry and phosphorus activator. The results showed that, the dry weight, chlorophyll content and total phosphorus of potted rape treated by triple superphosphate were significantly greater than that of phosphate rock. To Brassica chinesis, the dry weight, chlorophyll content and total phosphorus treated by phosphate rock B added up with black liquor sludge and low-molecular-weight organic acids had no significant difference with that of triple superphosphate. To the content of rapidly available phosphorus in the river sand, the triple superphosphate treatment presented a straight line down from 0 to 50 days, reduced by nearly 40 mg/kg, and the changes after 50 days were relatively smooth; the phosphate rock treatment had a smooth change and the content of rapidly available phosphorus treated by phosphate rock reached the highest around 40 days. The results indicated that, although the effectiveness of phosphate rock activated by mechanochemistry and phosphorus activator could not reach that of triple superphosphate at first, it had a long-term effectiveness and could reach the effectiveness of triple superphosphate later.