稻草还田与不同耕作方式对小麦出苗以及产量的影响

Effects of Rice Straw Returned to the Field and Different Tillage Methods on Seeding Emergence and Yield of Winter Wheat

为了研究稻草还田与不耕作方式对小麦出苗以及产量的影响,通过小区试验研究稻草还田与不同耕作方式对小麦出苗率、出苗整齐度、均匀性、产量以及主要产量性状的影响。结果显示,稻草还田使小麦出苗率以及出苗均匀性下降;稻草还田条件下,免耕降低了出苗整齐度,旋耕、浅翻耕、深翻耕提高了出苗整齐度;稻草还田后影响小麦产量主要原因是小麦出苗率、出苗均匀性低;稻草还田后小麦出苗率变低、均匀性变差,通过影响小麦千粒重、有效穗数、每穗粒数而影响小麦产量。

In order to study the effect of straw incorporation and different tillage methods on emergence and yield, plot experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of straw incorporation and different tillage methods on emergence rate, emergence evenness, emergence uniformity, yield and main yield characters of winter wheat. The results were as follows： returning rice straw into field decreased emergence rate and emergence evenness of winter wheat. The emergence uniformity was decreased under no-tillage with rice straw returning to the field. The emergence uniformity was increased under rotary tillage,shallow plowing,deep plowing with rice straw returning to the field. The influencing factors of wheat yield after returning rice straw to field were lower emergence rate and emergence evenness. The lower emergence rate and emergence evennessafter returning rice straw to field affected the yield by effecting the 1000-grain weight, effective panicle number and grains per spike.