MicroRNA一29与糖尿病及其并发症

Role of microRNA-29 in diabetes mellitus and its complications

小分子RNA（miR）是近年发现的一类广泛存在于动植物中的小分子非编码RNA，它通过抑制靶目标的转录或直接将其降解而发挥作用。miR-29是新近发现的与糖尿病及其并发症有密切关系的一类小分子RNA。研究发现，miR一29可直接参与糖尿病的基本病理生理过程，如参与胰岛素相关信号通路。同时也参与肾脏纤维化、视网膜神经元凋亡等过程，从而在糖尿病肾病、糖尿病视网膜病变等糖尿病并发症的发生中起重要作用。

MicroRNAs（miR） are novel small, noncoding RNAs in animals and plants, whose function is to suppress the translation of target-mRNA, or directly degrade target-mRNA. MiR-29, a newly discovered miRNAs, is closely related with diabetes mellitus and its complications. MiR-29 involves in the pathophysio- logical processes of diabetes mellitus, such as involving in the insulin related signaling pathway. Meanwhile, miR-29 participates in the renal fibrosis and apoptosis of the retinal neurons, therefore plays important roles in the occurrence of diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.