中学教师人格特质与焦虑、抑郁情绪的相关研究

Relationship among personality traits、anxiety and depression of secondary school teachers

①目的调查中学教师的人格特质和焦虑、抑郁情绪的现状及关系,为教师的心理干预提供依据。②方法应用艾森克人格问卷简式中国版(EPQ-RSC)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)对168位中学教师进行问卷测查。③结果中学教师的焦虑抑郁水平显著高于全国常模;焦虑、抑郁情绪的检出率分别为19.6﹪和32.7%,焦虑、抑郁情绪并存的检出率为13.1%。中学教师的SAS与SDS得分有显著正相关(r=0.608,P1<0.05)。中学教师的SAS与EPQ的E、L维度有显著负相关,与N维度有显著正相关(r1=﹣0.197,P1<0.05;r2=﹣0.175,P2<0.05;r3=0.556,P3<0.01);SDS与EPQ的E维度有显著负相关,与N、P维度有显著正相关(r1=﹣0.195,P1<0.05;r2=0.407,P2<0.05;r3=0.192,P3<0.01)。④结论中学教师的焦虑抑郁水平偏高,部分教师同时存在焦虑抑郁情绪;中学教师性格越外向,情绪稳定性和掩饰性越高,越不容易出现焦虑情绪,良好的人格特质对情绪有调节作用。

Objective Survey the relationship among personality traits、anxiety and depression of secondary school teachers and provide the basis for their psychological intervention.Methods 168 secondary school teachers were measured by the EPQ-RSC、self-rating anxiety scale and zung self-rating depression scale.Results The anxiety and depression of secondary school teachers were significantly higher than the national norm;The detection rates of anxiety and depression,respectively19.6%and 32.7%;so the coexist detection rate is 13.1%.SAS was significantly positively correlated with SDS（r=0.608,P10.05）;SAS was the most significantly negatively correlated with the E and the L,and positively correlated with the N;（r1=-0.197,P10.05;r2=﹣0.175,P20.05;r3=0.556,P30.01）;SDS was the most significantly negatively correlated with the E and positively correlated with The N and the P（r1=﹣0.195,P10.05;r2=0.407,P20.05;r3=0.192,P30.01）.Conclusion The level of anxiety and depression of secondary school teachers is high、the more outgoing and emotional stability,the less anxiety;personality traits have a moderating effect on mood.