司马相如“喻难”文的政治史价值

On the Political-historical Value of Sima Xiangru's Yu Ba Shu Xi and Nan Shu Fu Lao

司马相如的《喻巴蜀檄》和《难蜀父老》被任昉的《文章缘起》立为"喻难"体,萧统《文选》将"喻难"文本具录于"檄"类。"喻难"价值在于:作者用文学的手段,饱含浓烈的乡情,在文化史上首次从君权的抵达、贡赋的上输、人力的征调等层次深刻地反映了道路与政治的多维关系;它们是在民主政治习见、而在下行文以官僚为下限对象的专制政治时代仅见的以平民百姓为对象的成功说理文;作者在撮括前代观念基础上,以纵横家为理论底色,以雄主强汉为背景,首次明确地提出了"非常"政治的新鲜命题,产生了深远的影响,具有多重而独特的政治史价值。

Sima Xiangru, a Chinese writer famed as a representative of the Fu form in the Western Han Dynasty made a strong position in prose and essay creations. Two representative works of him, namely, Yu Ba Shu Xi and Nan Shu Fu Lao had been credited by Ren Fang in his Wen Zhang Yuan Qi as the the Yu Nan style of writing. Xi- ao Tong, eomplier of Wenxuan （文选） or Selections of Refined Literature, had categorized Yu Ba Shu Xi and Nan Shu Fu Lao under the category of didactic or moralistic essay type. This paper presents an analysis of the political- historical value of Sima Xiangru＇ s Yu Nan style of writing from multiple ~erspeetives.