下腔静脉不同处理方法建立大鼠深静脉血栓形成动物模型的比较

A rat model of deep venous thrombosis induced by modified stenosis inferior vena cava constriction

目的比较大鼠下腔静脉的不同处理方法，建立深静脉血栓形成（DVT）动物模型。方法将SD大鼠72只随机分为A、B、C、D4组，即分别采用假手术、单纯结扎下腔静脉、结扎下腔静脉＋结扎肾静脉至髂静脉水平的下腔静脉分支、缩窄下腔静脉＋血管夹阻断下腔静脉＋结扎肾静脉至髂静脉水平的下腔静脉分支，每组18只，于术后1、3、7d，分别处死各组大鼠6只，比较各组血栓形成情况，并行病理学分析。结果在术后1、3、7d，A组未见血栓形成；B组形成血栓率（50．0％、50．0％、16．7％）明显低于c（100．0％、100．0％、83．3％）、D（均为100．O％）两组，而C、D两组问的血栓形成率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。术后3d血栓形成量B组（12．8±3．6）mg，低于C组（24．0±7．5）mg与D组（25．3±10．5）nag，C、D两组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。病理检查可见血栓不同时期的变化及血管再通现象。结论通过缩窄下腔静脉＋血管阻断夹阻断＋结扎肾静脉至髂静脉水平的下腔静脉各属支的方法，可以建立稳定的大鼠DVT疾病模型。

Objective To develop a rat model of deep venous thrombosis （DVT） and study its pathological change. Methods Seventy-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups （ A, B, C, D）. The rats in group A were given sham operation. The inferior vein cava （IVC） of the rats in group B was ligated. A laparotomy with ligation of the IVC below the renal veins and all visible side bran- ches was performed in group C. The IVC was constricted and blocked by vascular clamp with visible side branches ligated in group D. At 1st, 3rd, and 7th day, 6 rats from each group were killed, and the IVE was taken out to observe the thrombosis rate and the thrombi were observed pathologically. ResuLts On the day 1 , 3 and 7, no thrombosis was observed in group A. The positive thrombus rate in group B （50. 0% , 50. 0% and 16. 7% on the day 1 , 3 and 7） was significantly lower than in group C （ 100. 0% , 100. 0% and 83.3% on the day 1, 3 and 7） and group D （100. 0% , 100. 0% and 100% on the day 1 , 3 and 7） , but there was no significant difference between group C and group D. The thrombus weight in group B [ （ 12.8 _＋3.6） mgI was significantly reduced as compared with group C [ （24. 0 ＋7.5） mg] and group D [ （25.3 -＋ 10. 5） mg~, but there was no significant difference between group C and group D. The change of thrombosis in difterent periods and the vascular recanalization were observed pathologically. Conclusion The rat model of DVT was successfully developed and it can be used for the study on the pathological change and the evaluation of treatment.