国立西北工学院工程教育课程体系的演化

The curriculum evolution of engineering education in National Northwest Engineering College

目的全面审视抗战时期国立西北工学院与其工程教育的课程体系,为近代中国科学教育史研究提供新线索。方法原始期刊文献分析和考证。结果 1938年,西北工学院在筹建之初,已设有土木、电机、化学、纺织、机械、矿冶6个系,后又增设水利工程和航空工程两个系,开设了投影几何、立体几何、工程数学、应用天文学、应用力学、材料力学、热机学、平面测量、大地测量、地质实习、电工学、河工实验、房屋建筑、污水工程、工程契约与规范等成系统的工程教育课程,并在矿冶、土木、水利、机械等方面尽力结合西北工业实践。结论其课程体系的成熟和完善,迅速提升了西北科学教育的总体水平,标志着西北工程教育体系之形成,从而加快了西方科学教育在中国西北本土化以及整个西北科学教育现代化的进程。

Aim National Northwest Engineering College and the spread of its engineering education are comprehensively examined to provide new clues for the research of communication history of modern Chinese science education. Methods Original literature analysis and research. Results In 1938, at the beginning of National Northwest Engineering College, there had been civil, electrical, chemical, textile, machinery, mining and metallurgy six departments, then two additional hydraulic and aeronautical engineering departments, offered courses such as Projection geometry, Solid geometry, Engineering Mathematics, Applied astronomy, Applied mechanics, Mechanics of materials, Heat study, Level measurement, Geodesy, Geology internship, Electrical engineering, River engineering project experiment, Housing construction, Sewage works, applied a series of engineering education into practice, such as mining and metallurgy, civil engineering, water, machinery, etc. Conclusion The development of the curriculum system rapidly elevated the overall level of science education in the Northwest. At the same time, it marked the formation of the system of engineering education in Northwest China, thereby promoted the transformation from the transplant of western science and education to the local development and the process of modernization of science education in Northwest China.