湖北省0～14岁儿童伤害状况及危险因素分析

Prevalence and risk factors of injury among children aged 0-14 years in Hubei province

目的了解湖北省儿童伤害发生的流行病学特征和相关危险因素,为制定儿童伤害干预措施提供科学依据。方法多阶段分层整群抽取湖北省10个市、县的0～14岁儿童家长进行回顾性问卷调查。结果共调查儿童10 688名,城市5 894名,农村4 794名。儿童非致死性伤害发生率为19.0%,发生率男性高于女性(OR=1.28),农村高于城市(OR=2.58)。6～11岁组的伤害率最高(23.7%),0～2岁组的伤害率最低(5.5%)。前3位伤害类型依次为跌倒/坠落(45.2%)、烧烫伤(9.5%)和动物伤(9.5%)。79.6%为轻度损伤,40.1%的伤害发生在家里/宿舍。男性、家庭人口数多、居室热水等摆放不合理、母亲无工作的儿童更易发生伤害。结论湖北省0～14岁儿童伤害情况较为严重,儿童自身的因素和家庭环境的因素对儿童伤害的影响不容忽视。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and risk factors of nonfatal injuries among chil- dren in Hubei province. Methods The questionnaire survey was conducted among 0 - 14 years old childrenl parents in 10 cities and counties of Hubei province by multistage stratified cluster sampling. Results There were 10 688 children collected in the sur- vey, 5 894 children in cities and 4 794 children in counties. The incidence rate of nonfatal injuries was 19.0%, which was signifi- cantly higher in male than female{ OR = 1.28 ）, in rural areas than in urban areas （ OR = 2.58 ）. The highest rate was at 6 - 11 years old group （23.7%） , while the lowest rate was at 0 -2 years old group （5.5%）. The top three types of injuries were unin- tentional fall （45.2%） , burn or scald （9.5% } and animal bites（9.5% ）. About 79.6% injuries were superficial injury, 40.1% injuries happened at home/dorm. The risk factors of childhood injury were male, divorced/ separated/widowed parents, a large population of family, unemployed or retired mothers/home-makers. Conclusion Childhood injuries severely affect children＇s health in Hubei Province. The effects of children characteristics and family environment on injury should be considered.