江苏省小学生血压升高及其影响因素分析

Prevalence of elevated blood pressure levels among pupils in Jiangsu province

目的探讨儿童血压升高的影响因素,为制定儿童高血压预防控制措施提供参考依据。方法按照经济水平,分层随机选取江苏省4个县区8所学校3 693名小学生进行家长问卷调查和体格检查,应用单因素分析和多因素Lo-gistic回归分析儿童血压升高的影响因素。结果 3 693名儿童血压升高检出率为20.8%,男、女童检出率分别为19.5%,22.4%,城市、乡村儿童血压升高检出率分别为18.5%,24.7%。单因素分析显示,居住地类型(城市或乡村)、经济水平、超重、中心型肥胖、早餐、蔬菜、睡前加餐、早餐内容(包括奶制品、蛋、豆浆、咸菜)以及吃饭速度和儿童身高与儿童血压升高均有统计学关联(P值均<0.05);多因素非条件Logistic回归分析显示,经济水平、居住地类型、超重是儿童高血压升高的危险因素。结论超重肥胖和经济水平对儿童血压升高有影响,控制肥胖是减少儿童高血压的重要措施。

Objective To evaluate the factors that elevate blood pressure levels in children and to provide evidence for hy- pertension prevention. Methods A total of 3 693 children aged 7 - 13 years were chosen by economic levels, and investigated with questionnaire. All the participants received physical examination. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the influen- cing factors to children~ elevated blood pressure. Results The prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 20.8%, and 19.5% and 22.4% for boys and girls, 18.5% and 24.7% for urban and rural respectively. Univariate analysis showed that the type of resi- dence （ urban or rural }, economic level of residence, overweight and obesity, central obesity, as well as frequency of breakfast, vegetables, and dairy consumption were statistically associated with elevated blood pressure among children I P 〈 0.05 } ; Logistic regression analysis showed that economic level of residence, type of residence, overweight were closely related to elevated blood pressure among children. Conclusion Overweight and obesity, economic level of residence are important risk factors for children high blood pressure. Control of children obesity is important to high blood pressure among children.