不同玉米自交系幼胚愈伤组织诱导和分化的研究

Study on Callus Induction and Differentiation of Immature Embryos from the Various Maize Inbred Lines

【目的】通过对玉米幼胚培养,建立～套稳定性好、再生率高的组织培养体系。【方法】以4个玉米自交系幼胚为外植体,研究不同基因型、幼胚大小、2,4-D浓度、AgNO_3浓度对愈伤组织诱导的影响,进一步研究6-BA和蔗糖浓度对愈伤组织分化及IBA和NAA对再生苗的生根影响。【结果】2,4-D浓度为2.0～3.0mg/L,幼胚长度为1.0～2.0 mm时,对胚性愈伤组织诱导有良好效果;在诱导期间采用隔代法添加10 mg/LAgNO_3能提高胚性愈伤组织的诱导率;当6-BA为0.5 mg/L、蔗糖浓度为50g/L时,愈伤组织分化率最高且有利于小植株的形成;IBA浓度为0.6 mg/L对植株生根较有利。【结论】对4个玉米自交系幼胚培养研究筛选出适宜玉米幼胚培养的最佳诱导、分化及生根培养基。

[Objective] The purpose of this research was to develop a stable protocol of high frequent plantlet regeneration via culturing of immature embryos in maize. [ Method ] The four inbred lines of maize were collected as experiment materials. The affection of different of genotypes, immature embryo size, 2,4 - D concentration and AgNO3 concentration on callus induction were analyzed. Further affection of different concentration of 6 - BA and sucrose on callus differentiation and the various combinations of IBA and NAA on regeneration of plantlets were studied as well. [ Result ] The length of 1.0 - 2.0 mm immature embryo had better effect on callus induction and differentiation than other sizes. The induction rate of embryogenic callus can be improved by adding 10mg / L AgNO3 on an interval generation during induced period. When the concentration of 6 - BA was 0.5 mg/L and sucrose was 50 g/L, the rate of callus differentiation was the highest and the plantlets were easy to form. The concentration 0.6 mg / L of IBA were more favorable for plantroot formation. [ Conclusion ] Through studies of immature embryo of the 4 inbred lines of maize culture, the optimal culture of immature embryo, differentiation and rooting were available in maize.