略论抗战胜利后“行总”遣送难民的活动

On the Action of CNRRA Sending Back Refugee after Anti-Japanese War

持续八年的日本侵华战争,导致数以千万的中国人民沦为难民。他们居无定所,食不果腹,衣不蔽体。战后在"联总"大量善后救济物资的帮助下",行总"对这些难民进行了救助,并帮助其中的相当一部分返回家乡。为了成功遣送难民,行总在署长蒋廷黻的领导下,制订了一系列方针政策,明确规定了遣送的标准、程序及遣送的路线、交通工具等问题。行总成立了专门的遣送难民的机构,遣送之前进行了广泛的动员准备工作。行总的难民遣送工作基本上以重庆的难民为重点。通过一年多的遣送,行总克服了重重困难,使近1 50万难民返回故土,虽然此次遣送工作存在着一些不尽如人意的地方,但是,从总体上看,成效不容忽视。

Anti-Japanese War which last eight years, lead millions upon millions Chinese became refugee. CNRRA relieved them and help parts of them come back to home under the aid of UNRRA lots of rehabilitation and relief goods and marterials. In order to send back refugee, under the leading of Tsiang Ting-fu,CNRRA formulated series of policy and clearly stipulated the standard of sending back,program and routes, etc.CNRRA established the special organ of sending back and made a lots of mobilization. The work of sending back refugee in Chongqing was the focal point of the work.CNRRA overcame much diglcult and help about 1500 thousand refugee coming back to their hometown during one year. The work of sending back refugee had some flaw,but the achieve should not be ignored in general.