基层医院2010年医院感染横断面调查分析

Cross-sectional survey of nosocomial infections in grass-root hospitals in 2010

目的了解医院感染现患率及抗菌药物使用现状。方法按照2010年"全国医院感染横断面调查计划书"要求,调查二级医院2010年10月7日0∶00-24∶00所有住院患者:采用频数、率和构成比描述调查结果。结果应调查患者321例,实际调查321例,实查率100.0%;医院感染现患率为3.4%,感染部位主要为下呼吸道,占41.7%;抗菌药物使用率为83.0%,其中预防性使用占67.9%;治疗前病原菌送检6例,送检率为9.2%。结论基层医院比综合性三级医院医院感染现患率低、标本送检率低;下呼吸道感染的控制和抗菌药物应用的管理,是基层医院感染管理工作的薄弱环节。

OBJECTIVE To estimate the prevalence of nosocomial infections and the use of antibiotics.METHODS All the hospitalized patients in the primary hospitals on Oct 7,2010 were investigated according to the Plan of National Survey on Prevalence of Nosocomial Infection in 2010’,the indexes such as frequency,rate and proportion were used to describe the data.RESULTS A total of 321 patients were expected to be investigated and 321 cases were actually investigated with the rate of actual investigation of 100.0%;the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 3.4%,the main infection site was the lower respiratory tract;the use rate of antibiotics was 83.0%,and 67.9% of the antibiotics were used as prophylaxis against the infections on the survey day;totally 6 cases were submitted for etiology test with the submission rate of 9.2%.CONCLUSION As compared with the tertiary general hospital,the prevalence rate of nosocomial infections and the submission rate of the specimens are relatively low;the control of respiratory tract infections and the administration of antibiotics are the weak links of the management of nosocomial infections in the grass-root hospital.