2008-2010年呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性变迁

Distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing respiratory tract infections from 2008 to 2010

目的了解医院2008-2010年呼吸道感染病原菌分布及其耐药性变迁。方法采用VITEK系统或API系统鉴定细菌和真菌,应用WHONET5.0软件分析呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及药敏率。结果 2008-2010年医院呼吸道感染培养标本38 657份,检出病原菌11 593株,检出率为30.0%,以革兰阴性杆菌为主,占73.1%,革兰阳性菌占6.9%,真菌占20.0%;大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌产ESBLs菌株及泛耐药铜绿假单胞菌和鲍氏不动杆菌,3年检出率变化不大,MRSA 3年检出率分别为25.3%、35.2%、54.3%。结论呼吸道感染的主要病原菌是革兰阴性杆菌,定期监测和分析当地患者呼吸道感染病原菌种类及其耐药性变迁,对临床合理使用抗菌药物具有重要指导意义。

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of mainly pathogenic bacteria causing respiratory tract infections from 2008 to 2010.METHODS VITEK system or API system was applied to identify bacteria and fungi.WHONET 5.0 software was used to analyze the distribution and drug susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the respiratory tract.RESULTS From 2008 to 2010,among 38 657 specimens from the patients with respiratory tract infections,totally 11 593 strains of pathogens were detected with the detection rate of 30.0%,gram-negative bacilli accounted for 73.1%,gram-positive bacteria accounted for 6.9%,and fungi accounted for 20.0%;the detection rates of ESBLS-producing Escherichia coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were not changed significantly during the past three years,the detection rates of MRSA were respectively 25.3%,35.2%,and 54.3% during the past three years.CONCLUSION The main pathogens causing respiratory tract infections are gram-negative bacilli,regular surveillance and analysis of pathogens species and the variation of drug resistance has great significance in clinical reasonable use of antibiotics.