江苏省成年人肥胖与高血压的分布变化趋势

Distribution Tendency Study of Adult Obesity and Hypertension in Jiangsu Province

目的:了解江苏省成年人肥胖与高血压的关系及分布变化趋势,为肥胖与高血压的防治工作提供科学依据。方法:利用3次国民体质调查资料,分析高血压与肥胖的分布及关系;并建立江苏省国民体质监测GIS数据库,采用空间局部内插分析方法构建江苏省成年人高血压与肥胖空间分布的数字高程模型。结果:共调查85 371人,男性高血压患病率为21.4%,高于女性的14.1%(P<0.01)。农村成年人发生高血压的比例为21.5%,高于城镇的15.7%(P<0.01);高血压患病率随着年龄和体重指数的增加而上升(P<0.01)。肥胖是导致高血压的危险因素,且年龄越小,肥胖致高血压的风险越高。成年人肥胖导致高血压总的OR值为2.66(P<0.01),其中女性为2.42(P<0.01),男性为2.69(P<0.01)。高血压的空间分布图显示,2000年成年人高血压的高发地区主要聚集与江苏北部,在江苏南部同时存在着高血压患病率相对较高的区域。在随后的10年间,北部的高发区域已经逐步蔓延到江苏中部地区,而江苏南部高血压人群的范围虽然没有明显扩大,但是高血压患病率却有明显上升。肥胖的空间分布图显示,2000年江苏省成年人肥胖高发区域主要集中在北部地区,从北部向南部肥胖率逐渐下降,从西部向东部肥胖率也呈现下降趋势。但在随后的10年间,北部与中部两个高发区域范围进一步扩大,而且,有逐渐融合的趋势。结论:江苏省成年人肥胖与高血压的患病率存在空间分布差异,且两者的高发区域都在逐渐扩大,提示肥胖与高血压的防控形势不容乐观。

Objective To find out the relationship and distribution tendency between adult obesity and hypertension and to provide the scientific basis on obesity and hypertension’s prevention in Jiangsu Province.Methods Through three-time national physical fitness survey data,the distribution and the relationship between hypertension and obesity were analyzed.GIS database of national physical fitness surveillance was established.Using a spatial local interpolation technique,the digital elevation models of the spatial distribution on adult hypertension and obesity in Jiangsu province were constructed.Results In total of 85371 investigated sample,male hypertension prevalence was 21.4% higher than that of the 14.1% women（P〈0.01）.Rural hypertension ratio was 21.5% higher than the 15.7% towns（P〈0.01）.Both in male and in female,their hypertension prevalence was increased with age and BMI increasing（P〈0.01）.Obesity is a risk factor leading to high blood pressure.And the younger,the higher the risk of obesity-induced hypertension.Total OR value in Adult obesity leading to hypertension is 2.66（P〈0.01）,in which the female is 2.42（P〈0.01）,the male of 2.69（P〈0.01）.Hypertension spatial distribution map display,the areas of high prevalence of adult hypertension mainly aggregated in Northern Jiangsu.Relative high area of hypertension prevalence existed in the south of Jiangsu.In the subsequent ten years,high-risk areas had gradually spread to the central region of Jiangsu.While hypertensive population range in the southern Jiangsu not obviously enlarged,but the prevalence of hypertension had increased significantly.Obesity spatial distribution map display,adult obesity risk zone mainly concentrated in the northern region of Jiangsu province.From the north to the south,obesity rate decreased gradually.From west to east,the rate of obesity also showed a downward trend.But in the subsequent ten years,two high-risk areas of the northern and the central further expanded the scope and showed gradually blending trend.Conclusion In Jiangsu Province,obesity and hypertension prevalence existed spatial distribution differences.Both high-risk areas are expanding gradually.The situation of preventing and controlling hypertension and obesity is not optimistic.